Kosovo as a country with a troubled past, has undergone a series of transformations over the past decades. Different ethnical, political, social, and economic factors as well as complex historical events in Balkans as a region in southeast Europe, have caused erratic, fluid and unpredictable development of territories, landscapes, cities…

The last period disputed in this notebook consists of the contemporary age between 1979–2007 and continues in the present day. The two previous ‘-polises’ led to radical changes triggered by either industrial revolution or world wars aftermath. As though this period is another sequel of modernity, it will in fact…

A typical city that explains megalopolitan age is for sure Los Angeles in California, USA. Its environmental, geographical, and social characteristics make it a city of many possibilities and namely of major transitions after the first two technological revolutions. …

This period is a continuity of Metropolis, it did not have an industrial revolution to influence economy, mentality, and architecture as it happened for the previous era. It will still use the same tools, the same industry but what is different, is the mentality of people. Megalopolis is the period…

Berlin is one of the most characteristic cities of the metropolis period in Europe. It describes best the beginning of industrial revolution and the transition from laissez-faire to capitalist rationalism to extreme edges. The industrial revolution in laissez-faire times happened in other cities first and not Berlin, which being a…

When talking about landscapes in the metropolis era, the image we visualize is rather not pleasant. The reign of industry and machinery mindset over European cities, led not only to the demoralization of architecture but also to desolation of landscapes and countryside, with the immense pollution the lack of sustainable…

The period of metropolis represents one of the most significant multidisciplinary transformations in human history. An ambitious cause with extraordinary effect that will constantly be shaping the future life and city of today. The first and second technological revolution in the beginning of the 19century in the United Kingdom and…